Serving Chennai · Ponneri · Gummidipoondi · Tiruvallur · Avadi & the AP–TN border belt +91 90039 03003 WhatsApp Mon–Sat, 9:30 AM – 6:30 PM
Comparison · Know

GSB vs WMM vs WBM: Which Road Base Layer You Need

GSB is the sub-base laid on the subgrade (MoRTH Section 401); WMM is the base course above it on highways: a 53 mm-down blend mixed with water in a pugmill (Section 406). WBM is the older base for village and estate roads (Section 404). A 7 m road needs about 3,080 MT of GSB per km at 200 mm.

Where each layer sits

Road layers from top to bottom: bituminous concrete (BC), dense bituminous macadam (DBM), wet mix macadam base about 250 mm (MoRTH 406), granular sub-base 150 to 200 mm (MoRTH 401), compacted subgradeBC · bituminous concreteDBM · dense bituminous macadamWMM baseMoRTH 406 · 53 mm down · about 250 mmGSB sub-baseMoRTH 401 · 150–200 mmSubgradecompacted soil, tested for CBR
A flexible pavement from the top down. On village and estate roads WBM takes the place of WMM as the base.
  1. Subgrade: compacted natural soil or selected earth, tested for CBR.
  2. GSB, granular sub-base (MoRTH 401): spreads the load and drains water out of the pavement; typically 150–200 mm compacted.
  3. Base course: WMM (MoRTH 406), typically 250 mm laid in two layers, on highways; WBM (MoRTH 404) in 75 mm layers on village, PMGSY and estate roads.
  4. Bituminous layers: DBM, then BC on top.

GSB and WMM are stacked in one road; WBM is an alternative base, not a third layer. In a concrete road, GSB sits under the dry lean concrete and the concrete slab.

Next question: Which one does my drawing need? Read the cross-section: "GSB 200 mm + WMM 250 mm" is the highway build-up. Read

GSB, WMM and WBM side by side

GSB, WMM and WBM compared
GSBWMMWBM
MoRTH section401406404
PositionSub-base on the subgradeBase on GSB (highways, bypasses)Base (village, PMGSY, estate roads)
Top size53 mm (Gradings II–VI) or 75 mm (Grading I)53 mm63 mm (Grading 2) or 53 mm (Grading 3)
MaterialCrusher-run blend with finesCrusher-run blend, non-plastic finesSingle-size stone plus screenings
LayingSpread, water, rollPugmill mix at optimum moisture, paver, vibratory rollerSpread stone, roll, brush in screenings with water, roll
Typical layer150–200 mm250 mm in two layers75 mm per layer
Key limitsSoaked CBR ≥ 30, LA abrasion ≤ 40%, plasticity index ≤ 6LA abrasion ≤ 40%, flakiness + elongation ≤ 35%, non-plastic finesLA abrasion ≤ 40%, flakiness + elongation ≤ 35%
Our ex-works rate₹425 per MT₹450 per MT₹450 per MT
Verdict: a highway-type section is GSB then WMM. A panchayat, layout or estate road drawn with 75 mm layers of stone is WBM Grading 2 or 3 with screenings or crusher dust. If you are unsure, send us the cross-section and we read it back in tonnes.

Next question: How many tonnes per km? About 3,080 MT of GSB and 3,940 MT of WMM for a 7 m road. Read

GSB Grading II and the WBM gradings

Percentage passing each IS sieve
IS sieveGSB Grading IIWBM Grading 2WBM Grading 3
90 mm—100—
63 mm—90–100100
53 mm10025–7595–100
45 mm—0–1565–90
26.5 mm70–100——
22.4 mm—0–50–10
11.2 mm——0–5
9.5 mm50–80——
4.75 mm40–65——
2.36 mm30–50——
0.425 mm10–25——
0.075 mm3–10——

Older copies of MoRTH show 10–15% at 0.425 mm for GSB Gradings I and II; the current revision shows 10–25%. We blend to the revision named in your contract and print the target band on each lot's gradation certificate.

WBM screenings are Type A (13.2 mm nominal) or Type B (11.2 mm). Crusher dust can replace graded screenings where it meets the plasticity limits; confirm with the engineer on the package.

Next question: Can crusher dust go into WBM? Yes, as screenings, where the engineer accepts it. Read

Tonnes and loads per kilometre

Road layers are designed in compacted cubic metres and bought in weighbridge tonnes. Multiply length × width × compacted thickness by about 2.2 t/m³ for GSB and 2.25 t/m³ for WMM.

Tonnes per km by carriageway width
Carriageway widthGSB 200 mmWMM 250 mm18 MT loads (GSB + WMM)
3.75 m (single lane)≈ 1,650 MT≈ 2,110 MT≈ 209
5.5 m (intermediate lane)≈ 2,420 MT≈ 3,090 MT≈ 306
7.0 m (two lane)≈ 3,080 MT≈ 3,940 MT≈ 390

Carriageway only; add shoulders separately. Loose material is about 1.2–1.3 times the compacted volume.

GSB or WMM for a road layer · results
ItemTypical quantityIn loads / units
Results appear here (JavaScript is needed for the calculator).

Typical estimate: length × width × compacted thickness × compacted density. The contract drawing and the MoRTH layer thicknesses govern.

A kilometre of GSB plus WMM on a two-lane road is close to 7,000 MT. For packages we plan supply as a weekly convoy against your chainage programme.

Next question: What will a kilometre cost delivered? Use the delivered prices below, or send the chainage for a convoy quote. Read

Price per tonne, per m³ and delivery

  • GSB ex-works: ₹425 per MT
  • WMM / WBM aggregate ex-works: ₹450 per MT
  • Per compacted m³: multiply the per-MT rate by about 2.2 for GSB or 2.25 for WMM.
  • Per unit or per brass (100 cft): multiply by about 4.8 for loose GSB.
Delivered per MT including 5% GST, before royalty
AreaGSB (Granular Sub-Base) delivered / MTWMM / WBM Aggregate delivered / MTDistanceTruck timeQuote
Tiruvallur~₹866~₹893~67 km2–2.5 h
Gummidipoondi~₹866~₹893~82 km2.5–3 h
Sriperumbudur~₹971~₹998~87 km3 h
Ponneri~₹866~₹893~85 km3 h
Chennai~₹1,045~₹1,071~90 km3–3.5 h

Every load is a 10-wheeler tipper of 16–20 MT with a weighbridge slip, GST invoice (HSN 2517, 5%), AP e-transit pass and an e-way bill where needed. Royalty is itemised at actuals.

Rock from the same Perindesam deposit was source-approved by the supervision consultant for GSB, WMM and bituminous works on the Chennai Peripheral Ring Road in December 2025.

Next question: Planning a road package? Send the cross-section and chainage; we reply with tonnes, loads per day and a delivered price. Read

Questions buyers ask

Questions buyers ask

What is GSB in a CC road?

In a cement concrete road, GSB is the granular sub-base under the dry lean concrete and the concrete slab. It drains water out and gives the slab an even, firm support.

Which is better, WMM or WBM?

WMM for most traffic: it is mixed at optimum moisture in a pugmill and compacts denser and faster. WBM survives on village and low-volume roads because it needs no mixing plant. Build what the drawing specifies.

Which grade is best for GSB?

The one in your contract. Close-graded Gradings I, II, V and VI make a dense bearing layer; open-graded III and IV are drainage layers. Grading II, 53 mm down, is commonly specified.

What is the MDD value for GSB?

MDD (maximum dry density) is a lab result for your blend, from the heavy compaction test in IS 2720 Part 8. Granite GSB usually compacts to about 2.1–2.25 t/m³, which is why we estimate tonnes at about 2.2 per compacted m³.

How many tonnes of GSB per km?

For a 7 m road at 200 mm compacted, about 3,080 MT (1,400 m³ × 2.2 t/m³), roughly 171 loads of 18 MT.

Need GSB (Granular Sub-Base) in bulk?

Send the material, quantity and site location. Our sales desk in Gummidipundi calls you back within 15 minutes during desk hours to work out a delivered quote and a dispatch slot.

WhatsApp